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Peoria is the largest city on the Illinois River and the county seat of Peoria County, Illinois, in the United States. It is named after the Peoria tribe. As of the 2000 census, the city was the fifth-largest in Illinois, with a population of 112,936; by 2007 it was the sixth-largest city and had population of 113,546. The Peoria Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 372,487 in 2008, making it the third largest metropolitan area in the state after the Chicago metropolitan area and the Metro-East portion of the St. Louis metropolitan area.

Peoria has become famous as a representation of the average American city because of its demographics and its perceived mainstream Midwestern culture. On the Vaudeville circuit, it was said that if an act would succeed in Peoria, it would work anywhere. The question "Will it play in Peoria?" has now become a metaphor for whether something appeals to the American mainstream public.

Peoria is the home of Ray LaHood, now serving as Secretary of Transportation in President Obama's cabinet. It is also headquarters for Caterpillar Inc., one of the 30 companies composing the Dow Jones Industrial Average.

Peoria Cityscape
Peoria's downtown area includes corporate, governmental, convention, educational, and medical facilities. It also boasts the Peoria Civic Center, Theatres, and O'Brien Field, as well as an arts, dining, and entertainment area near the riverfront. The downtown area now also includes high-rise residential developments such as condominiums, apartments, and riverfront lofts. Some of these were office buildings and warehouses converted to residential use.

The city of Peoria is home to a United States courthouse, the Peoria Civic Center (which includes Carver Arena), and the world headquarters for Caterpillar Inc.. Medicine has become a major part of Peoria's economy. In addition to three major hospitals, the USDA's National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, formerly called the USDA Northern Regional Research Lab, is located in Peoria. This lab was where mass production of penicillin was developed.

Grandview Drive, which Theodore Roosevelt purportedly called the "world's most beautiful drive" during a 1910 visit, runs through Peoria and Peoria Heights. In addition to Grandview Drive, the Peoria Park District boasts 9,000 acres of parks, including the Peoria Zoo and five public golf courses. There are also several private and semi-private golf courses. The Peoria Park District, the first and still largest park district in Illinois, was the 2001 Winner of the National Gold Medal Award for Excellence in Parks and Recreation for Class II Parks.

Peoria Economy
Peoria's first major industry was started in 1830 by John Hamlin, who constructed the flour mill on Kickapoo Creek. In 1837, another industry was begun with E.F. Nowland's pork planting industry. Many other industries started slowly in Peoria including carriage factories, pottery makers, wholesale warehousing, casting foundries, glucose factories, ice harvesting, and furniture makers.

Peoria became the first world leader for distilleries thanks to Andrew Eitle (1837) and Almiron S. Cole (1843). During this time, Peoria held 22 distilleries and multiple breweries. Together, they produced the highest amount of internal revenue tax on alcohol of any single revenue district in the entire U.S. Peoria also was one of the major bootlegging areas during the prohibition and home to the famed mobsters, the Shelton brothers. This great success placed Peoria into a building boom of beautiful private homes, schools, parks, churches, as well as municipal buildings.

In addition to the distilleries, came farm machinery manufacturing by William Nurse in 1837. Also, two men called Toby and Anderson brought the steel plow circa 1843, which gained immediate success. The dominant manufacturing companies in Peoria were Kingman Plow Co., Acme Harvester Co., Selby, Starr & Co., and Avery Manufacturing Co. In 1889, Keystone Steel & Wire developed the first wire fence and has since been the nation's leading manufacturer.

Around the 1880s, businesses such as Rouse Hazard Co. in Peoria, were dealers and importers of bicycles and accessories worldwide. Charles Duryea, one of the cycle manufacturers, developed the first commercially available gasoline-powered automobile in the U.S. in 1893.

At this time, agricultural implement production declined, which led the earth moving and tractor equipment companies to skyrocket and make Peoria in this field the world leader. In 1925, Caterpillar Tractor Co. was formed from the Benjamin Holt Co. and the C.L. Best Tractor Co. Robert G. LeTourneau's earth moving company began its production of new scrapers and dozers in 1935 which evolved into Komatsu-Dresser, Haulpak Division. Today, the joint venture between Komatsu and Dresser Industries has long since passed. The entity that remains is the off-highway truck manufacturing division for Komatsu America Corporation.

Peoria Education
Peoria is served by four public K-12 school districts:

  • Peoria Public Schools District 150 is the larger and serves the majority of the city. District 150 schools include dozens of primary and middle schools, as well as four public high schools: Richwoods High School, which hosts the competitive International Baccalaureate Program of study; Woodruff High School, set to close in Spring 2010; Manual High School; and Peoria High School (Central), the oldest high school in Illinois. According to SchoolDigger, District 150 has the highest-ranking middle school (Washington Gifted Middle School), but also the third- and eighth-lowest-ranking middle schools (Trewyn and Lincoln, respectively) and the second-lowest-ranking elementary school (Tyng Primary School) in Illinois. Tyng closed in 2009.
  • Dunlap Community Unit School District 323 serves the far north and northwest parts of Peoria that were mostly outside the city before the 1990s.
  • Limestone Community School District 310 serves a small portion of the western edge of the City of Peoria (western edges of Wardcliffe and Lexington Hills areas), but mainly serves the suburbs of Bartonville, Bellevue and surrounding towns.
  • Peoria Heights School District 325 serves the suburb of Peoria Heights; however, parts of the City of Peoria immediately outside the Heights are in this school district.

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Peoria currently runs six schools in the city: five grade schools and Peoria Notre Dame High School. Non-denominational Peoria Christian School operates a grade school, middle school, and high school.

In addition, Peoria Christian School, Concordia Lutheran School, Peoria Academy, Christ Lutheran School, and several smaller private schools exist.

Bradley University, Midstate College, the University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, the Downtown and North campuses of Illinois Central College, and the Peoria campus of Robert Morris University are based in the city. In addition, Eureka College and the main campus of Illinois Central College are located nearby.


Peoria IL Area Information

Peoria IL Community Characteristics and Facts
  • Total Crime Risk: 181.0 (100 = National Average)
  • Population: 111,840
  • Population Growth Since 2000: -0.97%
  • Annual Max Avg. Temperature: 60 F
  • Annual Min Avg. Temperature: 41 F
  • Male Median Age: 33.1 years
  • Female Median Age: 36.9 years
  • Median Household Income: $54,497
  • Highest Education Level Attained: High School 26.04%, Bachelors 20.02%, Grad School 11.7%

Community Demographics

Information is deemed reliable but not guaranteed. Demographic Information FAQ

Peoria Crime Rate Indexes Graph

Peoria IL Crime Rate Indexes


Information is deemed reliable but not guaranteed. Demographic Information FAQ

2010 Population Growth and Population Statistics Peoria, IL Illinois
Total Population 111,840 12,951,671
Square Miles 82.87 55,583.58
Population Density 1,349.60 233.00
Population Change Since 1990 -1.11% 13.30%
Population Change Since 2000 -0.97% 4.29%
Forecasted Population Change by 2014 4.19% 2.83%
Population Male 53,661 47.98% 6,402,795 49.44%
Population Female 58,179 52.02% 6,548,876 50.56%
Median Age 35.00 34.80

Peoria IL Population Growth and Population Statistics


Information is deemed reliable but not guaranteed. Demographic Information FAQ

2010 Weather Summary Peoria, IL Illinois
Weather Index 60 59
Annual Maximum Avg. Temperature 60.0 °F 61.0 °F
Annual Minimum Avg. Temperature 41.0 °F 42.0 °F
Annual Avg. Temperature 50.7 °F 51.1 °F
Annual Heating Degree Days (Tot Degrees < 65) 6,148 6,050
Annual Cooling Degree Days (Tot Degrees > 65) 982 1,011
Percent of Possible Sunshine 56 57
Mean Sky Cover (Sunrise to Sunset - Out of 10) 6 6
Mean Number of Days Clear (Out of 365 Days) 95 99
Mean Number of Days Rain (Out of 365 Days) 114 115
Mean Number of Days Snow (Out of 365 Days) 8 8
Avg. Annual Precipitation (Total Inches) 36.00" 36.00"
Avg. Annual Snowfall (Total Inches) 25.00" 27.00"

Peoria IL Weather, Forecast, Temperature and Precipitation


Information is deemed reliable but not guaranteed. Demographic Information FAQ

Peoria Population by Age Graph

Peoria IL Population by Age


Information is deemed reliable but not guaranteed. Demographic Information FAQ

Peoria Quality of Life Indexes Graph

Peoria IL Quality of Life Indexes


Information is deemed reliable but not guaranteed. Demographic Information FAQ



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